UTICAJ BOLESTI CENTRALNOG NERVNOG SISTEMA NA REGRUTOVANJE VOJNIH OBVEZNIKA
Pranjić N. 1, Habibović Dž. 2, Tunjić S. 1, Hajvaz S. 2.
1 JZU Dom Zdravlja Tuzla, Služba medicine rada, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2 Ministarstvo odbrane Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine

Ocjena zdravstvene sposobnosti za vojnu djelatnost temelji se na usklađenosti različitih psihofizičkih sposobnosti mladih ljudi.

CILJ: Odrediti najčešća stanja i bolesti koji umanjuju sposobnost regruta za vojnu obavezu ili ih čine potpuno nesposobnim, s posebnim osvrtom na CNS oboljenja.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Ispitanici su bili 742 mladića, dobi od 18-27 godina, kojima su obavljeni zdravstveni pregledi u svrhu regrutovanja u Službi medicine rada u Tuzli, 2001. godine. Psihofizička sposobnost ocjenjena je na osnovu rezultata zdravstvenih pregleda i psihološke obrade, a prema kriterijumima Pravilnika o mjerama za ocjenjivanje zdravstvene sposobnosti regruta Ministarstva odbrane Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 1999. godine.

REZULTATI: Bilo je uočeno: 488 (65,8%) sposobnih regruta, 66 (8,8%) regruta s ograničenim sposobnostima, 89 (11,9%) nesposobnih, 36 (3,4) privremeno nesposobnih za jednu godinu i 45 (6,1%) privremeno nesposobnih za dvije godine. Analizirajući uzroke nesposobnosti regruta otkrili smo da je 33 od ukupno 89 nesposobnih uzrokovano CNS oboljenjima: mentalnim i poremećajima ponašanja u 8 od 33, kognitivnim poremećajima u 17 od 33, epilepsia u 5 od 33, funkcionalna oboljenja CNS-a u 1 od 33, i mišićna distrofija u 1 of od 33. Na drugom mjestu među uzrocima nesposobnosti regruta bile su bolesti kardiovaskularnog sistema u 15 od 89 slučajeva, a na trećem oboljenja respiratornog sistema u 13 of 89 regruta. Značajno učešće predstavljaju i trajni poremećaji funkcije vida u 7 od 89 regruta. Najčešći uzrok sposobnosti za vojsku s ograničenjem bile su bolesti oka i oboljenja oka u 23 od 66 slučajeva.

ZAKLJUČAK: Naši rezultati pokazuju da su najčešći uzrok nesposobnosti regruta CNS oboljenja, a posebno mentalni i kognitivni poremećaji. U ovom trenutku mi ne znamo etiološke uzroke i koliko regruta je ovisnika o psihoaktivnim supstancama, koliko ih je bilo izloženo jakom ratnom stresu ili rizicima životne okoline. To upućuje na neophodnost provođenja preventivnih zdravstvenih pregleda mladih uz obavezno učešće psihologa i psihijatra, kao i testove skrininga na psihoaktivne supstance prilikom regrutacionih pregleda, kao i prvog zaposlenja takođe.

THE INFLUENCE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES ON SOLDIER RECRUITMENT
Pranjic N 1, Habibović Dz 2, Tunjić S 1, Hajvaz S 2.
1 Public Health Centre Tuzla, Institution of Occupational Medicine, Bosnia and Hercegovina
2 Federal Bosnia and Herzegovina Ministry of Defence

Recruit ability evaluation is based on co-ordination of various psychophysical capabilities of a yang man.

AIM: To recognise the most common injuries and illnesses as the limiting factors in recruit ability or inability, particularly CNS diseases.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The regular health examination of 734 yang men aged between 18 and 27 years, in Institution of Occupational Medicine Tuzla, in 2001, have been obtained. The psychophysical abilities have been evaluated on the basis of health and psychological examination, according to the criteria of the Rulebook for checking health ability for recruits, issued by the Federal Bosnia and Herzegovina Ministry of Defence, Sarajevo in 1999.

RESULTS: There was observed: 488 (65,8%) ability recruit, 66 (8,8%) recruit with limited ability, 89 (11,9%) recruit inability, 36 (3,4) from one year recruit inability and 45 (6,1%) from two years recruit inability. Analysing the causes of recruit inability, it was found that 33 of 89 cases caused CNS disorders: mental and behavioural disorders 8 of out 33, cognitive disorders 17 of out 33, epilepsy 5 of out 33, CNS functional diseases 1 of out 33, and muscular dystrophy 1 of out 33. On the second place among causes of recruit inability was circulatory system diseases in 15 of 89 cases, on third place lung diseases in 13 of 89 cases, and than permanent vision function diseases in 7 of 89 cases. The most frequent causes of assess of recruit with limited ability was Eye and vision diseases in 23 of 66 cases.

CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the most frequent causes of recruit inability were CNS disorders, mental and cognitive. We now, have not known etiological causes and how many recruits are psychoactive drug addicts, and haw many recruits were exposed to intensive war stress or environmental risks. This point to the need to targeted preventive medical check-ups included psychologist and psychiatrist examination and screenings for psychoactive drugs among yang people taking recruit ability evaluation and their first job, too.