UTICAJ ORGANSKE PRAŠINE NA STANJE RESPIRATORNOG SISTEMA I MERE PREVENCIJE

Aranđelović M.
Institut za medicinu rada- Niš, Niš, Srbija i Crna Gora

CILJ: Cilj istraživanja je bio da se sagleda eventualni uticaj tekstilne prašine na stanje respiratornog sistema eksponiranih radnika i predlože eventualne mere prevencije.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Istraživanja su sprovedena u radnoj sredini (fabrika tekstila) i na 135 radnika. Učinjena je analiza subjektivnih tegoba, objektivnog nalaza na plućima i plućne funkcije.

REZULTATI: Ispitivanja radne sredine su pokazala prisustvo povećane zaprašenosti biljnog, životinjskog i veštačkog porekla pri čemu je dominantna prašina pamuka, lana, konoplja i vune. Rezultati ispitivanja subjektivnih tegoba ukazuju na pojavu visokog procenta dispnoje (65,1%) i kašlja (57,7%). Rezultati dobijeni fizičkim pregledom pluća ukazuju na pojavu visokog procenta kliničkih znakova opstrukcije (42,2%). Rezultati ispitivanja plućne funkcije ukazuju na pojavu visokog procenta patoloških vrednosti testova ventilacije pluća za procenu stanja u malim disajnim putevima (FEF25-83%; FEF50-55,5%) FEF25-75-68,1¸%); 100RV/TLC-47,7%). Specifične mere zaštite koje treba preduzeti u cilju zaštite respiratornog sistema ovih radnika su korišćenje hermetički zatvorenih mašina za čišćenje vlaknastih sirovina uz kontinuirani proces prenosa sirovine s jedne strane na drugu aspiracijom a po potrebi i korišćenje respiratora.

ZAKLJUČAK: Ispitivanja su pokazala da prašina organskog porekla može uticati na stanje respiratornog sistema i dovesti do nastajanja opstruktivnog sindroma pluća, a da su najefikasnije metode u njegovom sprečavanju primena tehničko tehnoloških mera zaštite.

INFLUENCE OF THE ORGANIC DUST TO THE LUNG VENTILATION STATE AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES

Arandjelovic M
Institute of Occupational Health, Niš, Serbija and Montenegro

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the eventual influence of textile dust to the lung ventilation of exposed workers and to suggest the adequate prevention measures.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied working environment (textile factory) with exposed workers (135) and that examination in includes: personal difficulties, physical examination of the lung and functional state of lung ventilation.

RESULTS: Increased dust cover of vegetable, animal and artificial dust was found in work atmosphere, particularly it was dust of cotton, flax, hemp and wool. It was high percentage of dispnea (65,1%) and cough (57,7%). It was a high percentage of the clinical signs of obstruction (42,2%), too. The results of the lung ventilation state suggest the high percentage of pathologic values for small airways (FEF25-83%); FEF50-55, 5 %; FEF25-75- 68,1%; 100RV/TLC-47, 7%).

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that this exposed group of workers must intend the specific prevention measure such as: hermetic closed machines for cleaning raw fibrous material with continual process of transferring raw fibrous material and eventual using of respirator. Our data suggested that organic dust could change the conditions of lung ventilation (COPD) and it was necessary to take all technique - technology measures of protection during work.