VODEĆI UZROCI GUBITKA RADNE SPOSOBNOSTI U RADNICA U OPĆINI TUZLA
Franjkić-Misija P. 1, Osmić M. 2, Nurkić M. 3, Tunjić S. 1, Imamović N. 1, Hadžihalilović J. 4
1 Dom zdravlja Tuzla, Služba specifične zdravstvene zaštite-Medicina rada,
2 Poliklinika Doma zdravlja Tuzla,
3 Zavod za mikrobiologiju Univerzitetskog kliničkog centra Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
4 Katedra za biologiju i humanu genetiku, Univerzitet Tuzla

CILJ: rada bio je utvrditi vodeće uzroke gubitka radne sposobnosti radnica u općini Tuzla u razdoblju od 1998. do 2002. godine.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Provedena je retrospektivna studija koja je obuhvatila 324 radnice prosječne životne dobi 48±5,3 godina i prosječnog radnog staža 24±5,9 godina s područja općine Tuzla kod kojih je utvrđen gubitak radne sposobnosti. Koristili smo dokumentaciju expertizne komisije Zavoda za medicinu rada Tuzla i ocjenu Stručnog tima Tuzla Federalnog zavoda mirovinskog i invalidskog osiguranja.

REZULTATI: Od 324 radnice kod kojih je utvrđen gubitak radne sposobnosti, 124 su obavljale poslove u privrednoj, a 200 u vanprivrednoj djelatnosti. Gubitak radne sposobnosti utvrđen je u najvećem postotku u radnica KV kvalifikacija (N=82; 66,3%) u privrednoj, a u radnica SSS (N=72; 36%) u vanprivrednoj djelatnosti. Vodeće bolesti koje su uzrokovale gubitak radne sposobnosti u radnica iz privredne djelatnosti bili su mentalni poremećaji i poremećaji ponašanja (N=51; 41,1%), zatim bolesti cirkulatornog sistema (N=28; 22,6%) i maligne neoplazme (N=14; 11,3%). U radnica iz vanprivredne djelatnosti vodeći uzroci gubitka radne sposobnosti su mentalni poremećaji i poremećaji ponašanja (N=71; 35,5%), zatim bolesti cirkulatornog sistema (N=50; 25%) i maligne neoplazme (N=27; 13,5%).

ZAKLJUČAK: Rezultati studije ukazuju da prosječna životna dob radnica, kod kojih je utvrđen gubitak radne sposobnosti, u općini Tuzla iznosi 48 godina. Uzroke ranog nastanka invalidnosti - gubitka radne sposobnosti treba tražiti u ergonomski neadekvatnim radnim uvjetima, povećanom psihičkom opterećenju kao i drugim obavezama koje društvo stavlja pred zaposlenu ženu. Navedeni rezultati nalažu radikalne promjene u organizaciji medicinske prevencije i zdravstvenoj zaštiti uopće.

LEADING REASONS FOR THE LOSS OF WORKING CAPABILITY IN FEMALE WORKERS IN TUZLA MUNICIPAL
Franjkić-Misija P 1, Osmić M 2 , Nurkić M 3 , Tunjić S 1, Imamović N 1, Hadžihalilović J 4.
1 Health Center Tuzla, Service of Specific Worker Health Protection - Occupational Medicine,
2 Policlinic of the Health Center Tuzla,
3 Department of Microbiology of the University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla,
4 Department of Biology and Human Genetics, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

AIM: The aim of the work was to determine the leading reasons for the loss of the working capability of all female workers in the municipality of Tuzla during the period in-between 1998 and 2002.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out which included 324 female workers in average age of 48±5.3 years and with average working experience of 24±5.9 years from the area of the municipality of Tuzla in whom the loss of working capability was established. We used the documentation of the Expertise Commission of the Department of the Medicine of Work Tuzla and the assessment of the Expert Team Tuzla of the Federal Administration for the Pension and Disability Insurance.

RESULTS: Out of 324 female workers with established loss of the working capability, 124 were performing their jobs in the economic activity, and 200 of them in the non-economic activity. The loss of the working capability was established in the highest percentage of the female workers having the qualified worker qualification (N=82; 66.3%) in the economic activity, and with the workers having the SSS (secondary school education) (N=72; 36 %) in the non-economic activity. The leading diseases that had resulted in the loss of the working capability in the female workers from the economic activity field were mental disorders and disorders of behaviour (N=51; 41.1 %), followed by the circulatory system diseases (N=28; 22.6%) and of malign neoplasm (N=14; 11.3%). The leading reasons for the loss of the working capability in the female workers from the non-economic activity field were mental disorders and disorders of behaviour (N=71; 35.5 %), followed by the diseases of circulatory system (N=50; 25 %) and of malign neoplasm's (N=27; 13.5 %).

CONCLUSION: The study results indicate that the average age of the female workers with established loss of the working capability in the municipality of Tuzla amounts to 48 years. The reasons for the early emergence of invalidity -the loss of the working capability should be sought in ergonomics maladjustment condition of the work, increased psychic load, as well as in other obligations that the society imposes to an employed woman. The above-mentioned results call for radical changes in the organization of the medical prevention and in the health protection in general.