PRISUSTVO STRESA U RADNICA ZAPOSLENIH U FABRICI OBUĆE "AIDA"
Divković1 K. 1, Alečković M. 1, Kovačević R. 2, Pranjić N. 3,4, Hasanović M. 1,4
1 JU UKC Tuzla1 , Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
2 Defektološki fakultet Tuzla2 , Univerzitet u Tuzli, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
3 JZU Dom zdravlja u Tuzli, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina
4 Medicinski fakultet Univerziteta u Tuzli, Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina

CILJ: Cilj rada je analizirati pojavu stresa u radnica Fabrike obuće "Aida" u odnosu na izlaganje organskim isparljivim materijama u toku radnog procesa, prema godinama starosti, godinama radnog staža, bračnom stanju, traumatskim gubicima, generativnoj dobi i prema zadovoljstvu na poslu.

ISPITANICI I METODE: Uzorak je činilo 100 radnica zaposlenih u Fabrici obuće "Aida" (sve ženskog spola, prosječne starosne dobi 38,8±8,5 godina, s ukupnim radnim stažom 16,4±9,2 godina). Uzorak je podijeljen u dvije skupine: I skupina radnice (N=50) u montaži i II radnice (N=50) u šivaoni. Utvrđivanje nivoa stresa vršeno je upitnikom o nivou stresa (Promente, 1998). Ocjena statističke značajnosti razlike urađena je testom Pearsonove korelacije i Studentovim t-testom.

REZULTATI: U svih ispitanica prosječna vrijednost ukupnog stresa iznosila je 29,7±9,2. Rezultati istraživanja govore da su sve ispitanice bile pod izraženim stresom (stres izvan kritičnog područja u 3, stres nagriza u 10, izraženi stres u 39, treba mijenjati stil življenja uz redovne ljekarske kontrole u 48). Općenito je otkriveno da postoje statistički značajne razlike za stres u odnosu na dob (P= 0, 031), kao i statistički značajna korelacija stresa u odnosu na ukupan radni staž (r= 0,205; P= 0,04). Stres je bio statistički značajno naglašen u radnica u montaži starosne dobi iznad 40 godina (P=0, 014) u odnosu na dob manje od 40 godina.

ZAKLJUČCI: Radnice životne dobi <40 godina, odnosno osobe <20 godina radnog staža, su pod manje izraženim stresom. Ovakva konstatacija je prije svega rezultat postojanje većeg odbrambenog mehanizma za stres u mlađih osoba. Jače izraženi stres u radnica starije životne dobi, sa dužim radnim stažom navodi na zaključak da je neophodno poduzeti odgovarajuće mjere zaštite na radu u cilju sprečavanja oboljenja vezanih za stres.

STRESS PRESENTATION IN WORKERS EMPLOYED IN THE SHOE FACTORY "AIDA"
Divković K 1, Alečković M 1, Kovačević R 2, Pranjić N 3,4, Hasanović M 1,4.
1 University clinical Centre Tuzla; Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2 Faculty of Defectology University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
3 Health Centre Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
4 Medical faculty Univerzity of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

AIM: The aim of this study is to analyze the occurrence rate of the stress level among workers in the Shoe Factory Aida, regarding the exposure to evaporable organic substances during the working process, age, years of employment, marriage status, traumatically losses, generative age and regarding satisfaction with the workplace.

SUBJECT AND METHODS: A sample consisted of 100 workers employed at the Shoe Factory Aida (all females) with average age of 38,8, and average years of employed 16,4. They divided into 2 groups: I group was workers (N 50) in so called installation, and II group (N 50) in a sewing room. Evaluation of stress level was done by doing questionnaire for stress level (Promente, 1996).

RESULTS: Results of this study indicate that all workers were under high level of stress (stress is not critical 3 cases; corroding stress 10 cases; distinctive stress 39 cases; need for different lifestyle and need to be for control of doctor 48). Generally, we discovered that there was statistically significant difference in stress level regarding age (P= 0,031), and statistically significant correlation between stress and years of employment (r = 0,205; P= 0,004). Stress was statistically significant emphasized among workers in installation over 40, comparing to those before 40 (P= 0,014).

CONCLUSION: Younger workers (<40 years) or workers with less years of employment (<20 years) have lower stress level. This conclusion more than anything results of presence of stronger defense mechanisms in younger workers. High level of stress in older workers with more years of employment leads us to the conclusion that it is necessary to undertake certain measures of protection at work, with purpose of prevention of diseases related to stress.